☭
Site & Languages Selected Authors
Friedrich Engels 1877 2024-07-08 Twitter

Freedom and Necessity (1877)

3 minutes | Deutsch English | Marx & Engels

Hegel was the first to state correctly the relation between freedom and necessity. To him, freedom is the insight into necessity. [read more]

Friedrich Engels 1878 2024-05-22 Twitter

Two Discoveries: The Basis of Modern, Scientific Socialism (1878)

12 minutes | English | Marx & Engels

In 1867 there appeared in Hamburg Capital, a Critical Analysis of Capitalist Production, Volume I, Marx’s chief work, which expounds the foundations of his economic socialist conceptions and the main features of his criticism of existing society, the capitalist mode of… [read more]

Friedrich Engels 1892 2024-05-17 Twitter

Neo-Kantian Agnosticism and “Shamefaced” Materialism (1892)

8 minutes | English | Marx & Engels

What, indeed, is agnosticism but, to use an expressive Lancashire term, “shamefaced” materialism? The agnostic’s conception of Nature is materialistic throughout. The entire natural world is governed by law, and absolutely excludes the intervention of action from… [read more]

Friedrich Engels 1872 2024-04-20 Twitter

On Interest, Rent, and Profit (1872)

29 minutes | English | Marx & Engels

The cornerstone of the capitalist mode of production is the fact that our present social order enables the capitalists to buy the labour power of the worker at its value, but to extract from it much more than its value, by making the worker work longer than is necessary in order… [read more]

Friedrich Engels 1847 2023-12-27 Twitter

Principles of Communism (1847)

48 minutes | English | Marx & Engels

Communism is the doctrine of the conditions of the liberation of the proletariat. [read more]

Friedrich Engels 1881-05-01 2023-08-10 Twitter

“A Fair Day’s Wages for a Fair Day’s Work” (1881)

8 minutes | English | Marx & Engels

This has now been the motto of the English working-class movement for the last fifty years. It did good service in the time of the rising Trades Unions after the repeal of the infamous Combination Laws in 1824 ; it did still better service in the time of the glorious Chartist… [read more]

Friedrich Engels 1894 2023-08-09 Twitter

Marx, Chernyshevsky, and Economic Stages in Russia (1894)

39 minutes | English | Marx & Engels

This is Engels’s afterword to the 1894 reprint of his book On Social Relations in Russia (1875). In it, he addresses a polemic in which Marx is very implicated, regarding the applicability of his theories to the Russian situation. I discovered it through Anatoly… [read more]

Friedrich Engels 1885 2023-03-09

England in 1845 and in 1885 (1885)

16 minutes | English | Marx & Engels

Forty years ago England stood face to face with a crisis, solvable to all appearance by force only. The immense and rapid development of manufactures had outstripped the extension of foreign markets and the increase of demand. Every ten years the march of industry was violently… [read more]

Friedrich Engels 1843 2023-03-09

Outlines of a Critique of Political Economy (1843)

74 minutes | English | Marx & Engels

Political economy came into being as a natural result of the expansion of trade, and with its appearance elementary, unscientific huckstering was replaced by a developed system of licensed fraud, an entire science of enrichment. [read more]

Friedrich Engels 1881-08-06 2022-02-05 Twitter

Social Classes: Necessary and Superfluous (1881)

9 minutes | English | Class Analysis Marx & Engels

The question has often been asked, in what degree are the different classes of society useful or even necessary? And the answer was naturally a different one for every different epoch of history considered. There was undoubtedly a time when a territorial aristocracy was an… [read more]

Friedrich Engels 1875-11-12 2021-12-28 Twitter

Notes on Darwin (1875)

9 minutes | English | Marx & Engels

Now that I have returned from a visit to Germany I have at last got to your article, which I have just read with much interest. Here are my observations upon it, written in German, as this enables me to be more concise. [read more]

Friedrich Engels 1872 2021-01-23

On Authority (1872)

8 minutes | Deutsch English | Anarchism Marx & Engels

A number of Socialists have recently launched a veritable crusade against what they call the principle of authority. It suffices to label this or that act authoritarian for them to condemn it. This summary procedure is abused to such an extent that it has become… [read more]